Counselling in Belfast

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Photo of Lagan Counselling & Training, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Lagan Counselling & Training
Counsellor, MA, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Belfast BT8
I am a BACP Accredited Counsellor and certified Community Resilience Model (TM) Teacher with many years' experience in working with all sections of our community, particularly with victims and survivors of the NI conflict. I understand the impact trauma of all kinds can have on us, and how it can affect our relationships, our physical health, and our ability to manage the stresses of life. Working with you in a person-centred way I will support you in becoming aware of what might be causing you difficulty, and in learning new ways of coping, always respecting that you are the expert in your own life.
I am a BACP Accredited Counsellor and certified Community Resilience Model (TM) Teacher with many years' experience in working with all sections of our community, particularly with victims and survivors of the NI conflict. I understand the impact trauma of all kinds can have on us, and how it can affect our relationships, our physical health, and our ability to manage the stresses of life. Working with you in a person-centred way I will support you in becoming aware of what might be causing you difficulty, and in learning new ways of coping, always respecting that you are the expert in your own life.
028 9433 8830 View 028 9433 8830
Photo of Clare Acheson Counselling, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Clare Acheson Counselling
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Belfast BT4  (Online Only)
Making the decision to come to counselling can be difficult but doing so can be the first step in making the changes you want. I am a fully qualified counsellor and accredited member of BACP, I use an Integrative approach which means that I incorporate different elements of specific counselling theories depending on whatever issues my clients are dealing with, this means that our counselling sessions are specific to your needs as an individual. I have been a therapist for the past 20 years. I have extensive experience in working with both adults and young people.
Making the decision to come to counselling can be difficult but doing so can be the first step in making the changes you want. I am a fully qualified counsellor and accredited member of BACP, I use an Integrative approach which means that I incorporate different elements of specific counselling theories depending on whatever issues my clients are dealing with, this means that our counselling sessions are specific to your needs as an individual. I have been a therapist for the past 20 years. I have extensive experience in working with both adults and young people.
028 9694 3234 View 028 9694 3234
Photo of Steadfast Therapy, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Steadfast Therapy
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Belfast BT4
It has become increasingly apparent in recent years that talking to somebody outside of your family or friendship circle can bring a refreshing perspective to difficult life issues. By providing a therapy space where you can feel heard and accepted without bias, you are encouraged to share and explore those detrimental issues that have prevented you from totally embracing life.
It has become increasingly apparent in recent years that talking to somebody outside of your family or friendship circle can bring a refreshing perspective to difficult life issues. By providing a therapy space where you can feel heard and accepted without bias, you are encouraged to share and explore those detrimental issues that have prevented you from totally embracing life.
028 2502 2466 View 028 2502 2466
Photo of Emma Blackburne, Psychotherapist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Emma Blackburne
Psychotherapist, COSRT General
Verified Verified
Belfast BT8  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I specialise in working with individuals and couples who are experiencing sexual difficulties, which are preventing them from achieving a fulfilling sex life. I provide individually tailored psychotherapeutic treatment for a wide range of presentations including, but not limited to, erectile issues, ejaculation issues, low or loss of desire, vaginismus and/ or sexual pain, anxiety or phobia around sex and orgasm difficulties. I understand that sexual difficulties can impact upon your relationship, your self esteem and mental wellbeing and therefore offer a holistic approach within my assessment and treatment approach.
I specialise in working with individuals and couples who are experiencing sexual difficulties, which are preventing them from achieving a fulfilling sex life. I provide individually tailored psychotherapeutic treatment for a wide range of presentations including, but not limited to, erectile issues, ejaculation issues, low or loss of desire, vaginismus and/ or sexual pain, anxiety or phobia around sex and orgasm difficulties. I understand that sexual difficulties can impact upon your relationship, your self esteem and mental wellbeing and therefore offer a holistic approach within my assessment and treatment approach.
028 9344 7214 View 028 9344 7214
Photo of Belfast Psychology Services Ltd, Psychologist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Belfast Psychology Services Ltd
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Belfast BT9
Welcome to Belfast Psychology Services. Please visit www.belfastpsychologyservices.com, go to the "book a consultation" page and schedule a date and time for your 15 minute call. Our therapists offer psychological support for a range of difficulties including stress, anxiety, depression, panic attacks, anger, phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and trauma. Support is also offered for neurodevelopmental disorders including Tourette Syndrome (TS) and vocal and motor tics. ​ In addition, the service offers diagnostic assessments for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - 2 (ADOS-2).
Welcome to Belfast Psychology Services. Please visit www.belfastpsychologyservices.com, go to the "book a consultation" page and schedule a date and time for your 15 minute call. Our therapists offer psychological support for a range of difficulties including stress, anxiety, depression, panic attacks, anger, phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and trauma. Support is also offered for neurodevelopmental disorders including Tourette Syndrome (TS) and vocal and motor tics. ​ In addition, the service offers diagnostic assessments for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule - 2 (ADOS-2).
028 3829 8069 View 028 3829 8069
Photo of Aoife McGlinchey, Psychotherapist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Aoife McGlinchey
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Belfast BT15
Not accepting new clients
Hello, Thank you for taking the time to connect with me. I am a fully qualified counsellor and registered member of the BACP. I understand that reaching out for support can be a significant step. Life can often be overwhelming and talking to someone outside of your circle can provide valuable support. My commitment is to provide a safe and non-judgmental space for you to explore your situation, gain better understanding of your feelings to make the best decisions for you.
Hello, Thank you for taking the time to connect with me. I am a fully qualified counsellor and registered member of the BACP. I understand that reaching out for support can be a significant step. Life can often be overwhelming and talking to someone outside of your circle can provide valuable support. My commitment is to provide a safe and non-judgmental space for you to explore your situation, gain better understanding of your feelings to make the best decisions for you.
028 9344 7289 View 028 9344 7289
Photo of John Francis Maguire, Psychotherapist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
John Francis Maguire
Psychotherapist, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Belfast BT9
I am a Therapist with over twenty years experience working in Mental Heath Settings. I have been Qualified as a Therapist for almost 15 Years. I specialise in Relational work with people dealing with Addiction Issues, Anger Management and Relationship issues. Whilst I specialise in these areas I am not restricted to them.
I am a Therapist with over twenty years experience working in Mental Heath Settings. I have been Qualified as a Therapist for almost 15 Years. I specialise in Relational work with people dealing with Addiction Issues, Anger Management and Relationship issues. Whilst I specialise in these areas I am not restricted to them.
028 9692 8911 View 028 9692 8911
Photo of Oriel CBT Clinic, Psychotherapist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Oriel CBT Clinic
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Belfast BT8
Are you experiencing unhelpful thoughts, or engaging in unhelpful behaviours? Would you like to better understand how these have developed, and how you might change them? Are you motivated to make changes in your life, to help maximise your potential and live life to the full?
Are you experiencing unhelpful thoughts, or engaging in unhelpful behaviours? Would you like to better understand how these have developed, and how you might change them? Are you motivated to make changes in your life, to help maximise your potential and live life to the full?
028 9693 1075 View 028 9693 1075
Photo of Sarah Ross, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Sarah Ross
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Belfast BT7
I am a fully qualified integrative counsellor with experience of delivering counselling within a GP setting and also within the voluntary and community sector (including NewLife Counselling and Relate). I have experience of working with a diverse range of areas including anxiety, stress, depression and low mood, bereavement (including suicide), caring responsibilities, confidence issues, relationship issues, unresolved trauma, bullying, abuse, obsessional compulsive behaviours and perfectionism. I also work in the field of addiction, including the provision of therapeutic support to Dunlewey Addiction Services clients.
I am a fully qualified integrative counsellor with experience of delivering counselling within a GP setting and also within the voluntary and community sector (including NewLife Counselling and Relate). I have experience of working with a diverse range of areas including anxiety, stress, depression and low mood, bereavement (including suicide), caring responsibilities, confidence issues, relationship issues, unresolved trauma, bullying, abuse, obsessional compulsive behaviours and perfectionism. I also work in the field of addiction, including the provision of therapeutic support to Dunlewey Addiction Services clients.
028 9507 2416 View 028 9507 2416
Photo of Claudia Trainor, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Claudia Trainor
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Belfast BT7
Waitlist for new clients
I am an integrative therapist fully qualified to work with individuals, meaning I use different theories to suit each clients needs and focus on what you would like to achieve. I work with individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), chronic pain/chronic fatigue, grief and loss, and low self-esteem. I have experience working both long and short term.
I am an integrative therapist fully qualified to work with individuals, meaning I use different theories to suit each clients needs and focus on what you would like to achieve. I work with individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), chronic pain/chronic fatigue, grief and loss, and low self-esteem. I have experience working both long and short term.
028 3829 4791 View 028 3829 4791
Photo of CBT Online, Psychotherapist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
CBT Online
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Belfast BT2  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome, as a BABCP accredited CBT therapist, I work with my clients to offer a supportive and confidential online space. Online therapy is exactly the same as in-person therapy, but you do it from the convenience of your own space. My approach is tailored to your needs. I used tried and trusted evidenced based therapies to help you meet your needs.
Hello and welcome, as a BABCP accredited CBT therapist, I work with my clients to offer a supportive and confidential online space. Online therapy is exactly the same as in-person therapy, but you do it from the convenience of your own space. My approach is tailored to your needs. I used tried and trusted evidenced based therapies to help you meet your needs.
028 9694 3930 View 028 9694 3930
Photo of Roberta Richmond, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Roberta Richmond
Counsellor, MBACP Snr. Accred
Verified Verified
Belfast BT4
Hello, my name is Roberta Richmond I am a BACP Senior Accredited Counsellor with years of experience as a therapist, and managing one of Belfast's largest counselling charities. I am committed to providing counselling and coaching in a safe, confidential and non-judgemental environment. Many of us have times in our lives when things seem too much, and we feel overwhelmed, with difficulty coping. If you’re reading this, you may be at that point yourself, and thinking about having some counselling. You may have hit a difficult patch in your relationship and are looking for someone to help you and your partner sort things out,
Hello, my name is Roberta Richmond I am a BACP Senior Accredited Counsellor with years of experience as a therapist, and managing one of Belfast's largest counselling charities. I am committed to providing counselling and coaching in a safe, confidential and non-judgemental environment. Many of us have times in our lives when things seem too much, and we feel overwhelmed, with difficulty coping. If you’re reading this, you may be at that point yourself, and thinking about having some counselling. You may have hit a difficult patch in your relationship and are looking for someone to help you and your partner sort things out,
028 9692 8099 View 028 9692 8099
Photo of Dr Liam Reilly, Psychologist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Dr Liam Reilly
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Belfast BT9
I am a Chartered Clinical Psychologist and former British Psychology Society NI representative for the Children, Young People, and Families faculty. I have over ten years of experience providing psychological support and care to clients. The therapy sessions I offer are both person-centred and collaborative to encourage your self-expression and self-development. I use various psychotherapy treatment techniques and provide effective strategies to help you to cope with many of life’s various obstacles. The core of my therapeutic work is non-judgemental acceptance, understanding, and support for all experiences and difficulties.
I am a Chartered Clinical Psychologist and former British Psychology Society NI representative for the Children, Young People, and Families faculty. I have over ten years of experience providing psychological support and care to clients. The therapy sessions I offer are both person-centred and collaborative to encourage your self-expression and self-development. I use various psychotherapy treatment techniques and provide effective strategies to help you to cope with many of life’s various obstacles. The core of my therapeutic work is non-judgemental acceptance, understanding, and support for all experiences and difficulties.
028 2003 2166 View 028 2003 2166
Photo of Dr Declan Curtis, Psychologist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Dr Declan Curtis
Psychologist, DCounsPsych, HCPC - Couns. Psych.
Verified Verified
Belfast BT9
I am a fully accredited Counselling Psychologist with over 10 years experience of working in mental health settings. I have extensive experience in a number of areas such as depression, anxiety, trauma, loss, bereavement and chronic health issues. As a result of seeing such a diverse range of individuals, I offer a range of various therapeutic interventions most suited to help each person reach their goals. Overall each individual can expect a professional and empathic approach to help them move forward with their lives.
I am a fully accredited Counselling Psychologist with over 10 years experience of working in mental health settings. I have extensive experience in a number of areas such as depression, anxiety, trauma, loss, bereavement and chronic health issues. As a result of seeing such a diverse range of individuals, I offer a range of various therapeutic interventions most suited to help each person reach their goals. Overall each individual can expect a professional and empathic approach to help them move forward with their lives.
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Photo of Counsellor, Mother-Daughter Coach, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Counsellor, Mother-Daughter Coach
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Belfast BT12
Counsellor and Mother-Daughter Coach. Hi my name is Cathy I specialise in offering a range of therapies to teens or young adults who may be struggling with exam stress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, sexuality, identity and the many other issues commonly faced by these age groups. I have gained substantial experience helping young people with their problems across the schools counselling service in Primary, Post Primary and Special Education. I also work with adults on a range of Mental Health problems such as anxiety, depression, panic and stress, within the Community, Voluntary Sector and Private Practice.
Counsellor and Mother-Daughter Coach. Hi my name is Cathy I specialise in offering a range of therapies to teens or young adults who may be struggling with exam stress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, sexuality, identity and the many other issues commonly faced by these age groups. I have gained substantial experience helping young people with their problems across the schools counselling service in Primary, Post Primary and Special Education. I also work with adults on a range of Mental Health problems such as anxiety, depression, panic and stress, within the Community, Voluntary Sector and Private Practice.
028 9694 3732 View 028 9694 3732
Photo of Dr Casey McGivern, Psychologist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Dr Casey McGivern
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Belfast BT4  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am a fully registered Clinical Psychologist working in East Belfast. My practice is situated conveniently by the M2 and M3 motorways and close to Belfast city centre. I have over 7 years' experience working in Clinical Psychology and the area of mental health with adults, children and families. I work with a range of issues such as trauma, OCD, anxiety, depression, grief and interpersonal relationship difficulties. I have a special interest in working with new parents and pregnant people in distress or encountering difficulty related to their parenting journey (birth trauma, postnatal depression etc.).
I am a fully registered Clinical Psychologist working in East Belfast. My practice is situated conveniently by the M2 and M3 motorways and close to Belfast city centre. I have over 7 years' experience working in Clinical Psychology and the area of mental health with adults, children and families. I work with a range of issues such as trauma, OCD, anxiety, depression, grief and interpersonal relationship difficulties. I have a special interest in working with new parents and pregnant people in distress or encountering difficulty related to their parenting journey (birth trauma, postnatal depression etc.).
028 9694 3186 View 028 9694 3186
Photo of Mervyn Reid Mncps Acc. Mbacp (Accred) And Supervisor., Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Mervyn Reid Mncps Acc. Mbacp (Accred) And Supervisor.
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Belfast BT6
Hello, and well done on making it this far. I am a light-hearted Counsellor & Supervisor who is easy to talk with. I have 20+ years of experience working with couples, young people, children, individuals, and families. I will support you via face-to-face, telephone or online sessions using an integrative approach that helps us apply the best support at the best time. As a client-directed Counsellor, I take my lead from you, tailoring our sessions to suit your needs. I can travel, with additional fees applicable. Give me a call or a text to arrange your free 15-minute consultation. Clinical Supervision & Consultation offered.
Hello, and well done on making it this far. I am a light-hearted Counsellor & Supervisor who is easy to talk with. I have 20+ years of experience working with couples, young people, children, individuals, and families. I will support you via face-to-face, telephone or online sessions using an integrative approach that helps us apply the best support at the best time. As a client-directed Counsellor, I take my lead from you, tailoring our sessions to suit your needs. I can travel, with additional fees applicable. Give me a call or a text to arrange your free 15-minute consultation. Clinical Supervision & Consultation offered.
028 9694 3156 View 028 9694 3156
Photo of KOR~CBT, Psychotherapist in Belfast, Northern Ireland
KOR~CBT
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Belfast BT9
Beginning therapy can be a daunting experience; seeking an accredited therapist is your first step on your journey. At KOR CBT, you will be provided with a safe, welcoming space with a BABCP & IABCP accredited CBT Therapist for you to not only better learn and understand your thoughts and feelings but the impact of these on your behaviours and how they affect your day-to-day life. At KOR CBT, we work collaboratively to reduce the severity of your symptoms and develop your skill set in managing your mental health.
Beginning therapy can be a daunting experience; seeking an accredited therapist is your first step on your journey. At KOR CBT, you will be provided with a safe, welcoming space with a BABCP & IABCP accredited CBT Therapist for you to not only better learn and understand your thoughts and feelings but the impact of these on your behaviours and how they affect your day-to-day life. At KOR CBT, we work collaboratively to reduce the severity of your symptoms and develop your skill set in managing your mental health.
028 9590 8922 View 028 9590 8922
Photo of Paula Moran, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Paula Moran
Counsellor, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Belfast BT9
I am passionate about personal development and believe that counselling can provide an opportunity for positive change. I have worked as an accredited counsellor within a GP practice for four years and have extensive experience of working with University students in groups and one-to-one.
I am passionate about personal development and believe that counselling can provide an opportunity for positive change. I have worked as an accredited counsellor within a GP practice for four years and have extensive experience of working with University students in groups and one-to-one.
028 9124 8416 View 028 9124 8416
Photo of Lisa McKeown, Counsellor in Belfast, Northern Ireland
Lisa McKeown
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Belfast BT11  (Online Only)
Do you feel overwhelmed, weighed down by feelings of low mood and anxiety? Come talk to me, and together we will work on strategies and tools that will allow you to address the root causes of the difficulties you are experiencing. My favorite thing about counselling is having the privilege to go along with a client on their journey and see them grow and develop as the weeks go on, witness them making the changes they need in order to improve what initially brought them to counselling.
Do you feel overwhelmed, weighed down by feelings of low mood and anxiety? Come talk to me, and together we will work on strategies and tools that will allow you to address the root causes of the difficulties you are experiencing. My favorite thing about counselling is having the privilege to go along with a client on their journey and see them grow and develop as the weeks go on, witness them making the changes they need in order to improve what initially brought them to counselling.
028 9694 3273 View 028 9694 3273

See more therapy options for Belfast

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Belfast

200+

Average cost per session

£50

Counsellors in Belfast who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
90% Depression
89% Self Esteem
83% Stress
76% Relationship Issues
71% Bereavement
69% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

49% AXA PPP
46% Bupa
42% Aviva

How Counsellors in Belfast see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
25% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Belfast?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.