Counselling in Manchester

Sarah Alsawy-Davies
Psychologist, PsychD, HCPC - Clin. Psych.
Verified Verified
Manchester M45
Waitlist for new clients
I'm glad you've taken the first step by coming here to improve your life. I specialise working with people who have experienced traumatic relationships, traumatic attachments, issues of abuse and neglect in a relationship - no matter how big or small this may feel. It may be you were in a relationship where you felt like you were not good enough, other people were gas-lighting you, or you were invalidated or misunderstood. I help people feel confident, develop boundaries, be more assertive, improve their self-esteem after feeling panicked, anxious, or walking on eggshells.
I'm glad you've taken the first step by coming here to improve your life. I specialise working with people who have experienced traumatic relationships, traumatic attachments, issues of abuse and neglect in a relationship - no matter how big or small this may feel. It may be you were in a relationship where you felt like you were not good enough, other people were gas-lighting you, or you were invalidated or misunderstood. I help people feel confident, develop boundaries, be more assertive, improve their self-esteem after feeling panicked, anxious, or walking on eggshells.

Mark Owen
Counsellor, MA, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M25
My name is Mark Owen and I am a BACP and COSRT registered Counsellor with a degree in Marriage and Family therapy and a Postgraduate Diploma in Integrative Psychotherapy. Since 2012 I have worked in a wide variety of therapeutic settings both private care and within the NHS including, general mental health services, Eating Disorders Clinic, Bereavement Counselling and a Sexual Health Clinic. There are many models of therapy and everyone responds differently to the various methods. Using an Integrative Model of therapy, which means I use a range of different models, allows me to design a more tailor made plan for you.
My name is Mark Owen and I am a BACP and COSRT registered Counsellor with a degree in Marriage and Family therapy and a Postgraduate Diploma in Integrative Psychotherapy. Since 2012 I have worked in a wide variety of therapeutic settings both private care and within the NHS including, general mental health services, Eating Disorders Clinic, Bereavement Counselling and a Sexual Health Clinic. There are many models of therapy and everyone responds differently to the various methods. Using an Integrative Model of therapy, which means I use a range of different models, allows me to design a more tailor made plan for you.

Victoria Elizabeth Arthur
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M41 (Online Only)
Life can feel overwhelming at times and the counselling service I offer aims to give you a safe and secure environment to unpack your feelings. I know it can be difficult to begin to talk about emotional topics and sometimes it helps to talk to someone outside of your immediate support network in a space without judgement. You can reach out even if you’ve never been able to speak to anyone about how you are feeling before or if you aren’t sure if your problems are complex enough for therapy. I work within a person-centred approach, allowing you to lead with the issues you would like to bring to sessions
Life can feel overwhelming at times and the counselling service I offer aims to give you a safe and secure environment to unpack your feelings. I know it can be difficult to begin to talk about emotional topics and sometimes it helps to talk to someone outside of your immediate support network in a space without judgement. You can reach out even if you’ve never been able to speak to anyone about how you are feeling before or if you aren’t sure if your problems are complex enough for therapy. I work within a person-centred approach, allowing you to lead with the issues you would like to bring to sessions

Cheryl Taylor
Psychotherapist, PhD, BACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M1
Neurodivergence: ADHD, Autism. Bipolar, Psychosis, EMDR/ Trauma, CPTSD, dissociation, Attachment.
Neurodivergence: ADHD, Autism. Bipolar, Psychosis, EMDR/ Trauma, CPTSD, dissociation, Attachment.

Dr Shoaib Psychology Practice Ltd
Psychologist, PsychD, CPsychol
Verified Verified
Manchester M21
I'm Dr Sohbia Shoaib a highly skilled Chartered Psychologist with over 20 years working experience in mental health. In the NHS, forensic and private sector. I am trained in a range of interventions including Schema Therapy, EMDR, DBT and CBT. I have expertise in completing a full range of assessments and interventions for clients who present from mild to severe/ complex mental health problems and psychological presentations e.g., trauma, anxiety, depression, anger, stress, burnout, interpersonal difficulties and emotional dysregulation, personality disorder, substance misuse, bipolar, psychosis.
I'm Dr Sohbia Shoaib a highly skilled Chartered Psychologist with over 20 years working experience in mental health. In the NHS, forensic and private sector. I am trained in a range of interventions including Schema Therapy, EMDR, DBT and CBT. I have expertise in completing a full range of assessments and interventions for clients who present from mild to severe/ complex mental health problems and psychological presentations e.g., trauma, anxiety, depression, anger, stress, burnout, interpersonal difficulties and emotional dysregulation, personality disorder, substance misuse, bipolar, psychosis.

Francesca Rawlinson
Psychotherapist, MA, HCPC-Drama Therap.
Verified Verified
Manchester M1
I am Manchester based, and have therapy rooms in both Northern Quarter and Chorlton. My website is www.upliftedtherapy.co.uk. I am a trauma responsive creative psychotherapist, and EMDR therapist. My experience includes working with adverse experiences and challenges. My approach is empathetic, non-judgemental and person-centred. I specialise in anxiety, attachment and trauma informed care. My work with adults includes working with refugees, students from Liverpool and Chester University, NHS staff members who struggled through the Covid pandemic and corporate private clients.
I am Manchester based, and have therapy rooms in both Northern Quarter and Chorlton. My website is www.upliftedtherapy.co.uk. I am a trauma responsive creative psychotherapist, and EMDR therapist. My experience includes working with adverse experiences and challenges. My approach is empathetic, non-judgemental and person-centred. I specialise in anxiety, attachment and trauma informed care. My work with adults includes working with refugees, students from Liverpool and Chester University, NHS staff members who struggled through the Covid pandemic and corporate private clients.

Victoria McFetridge
Psychotherapist, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M28 (Online Only)
Are you feeling low? Or 'not quite yourself'? Or maybe you want to learn more about yourself and have some unanswered questions. I can help you on your journey, whether it be for growth, healing or getting to know yourself better. I am a person-centred therapist, which mean you can explore whatever feels most relevant to you in the session. I will follow your lead and go at your pace. Where appropriate, I will offer my reflections and insights, and always in a non-judgmental way, which will create a trusting environment for you to feel comfortable talking about the big stuff.
Are you feeling low? Or 'not quite yourself'? Or maybe you want to learn more about yourself and have some unanswered questions. I can help you on your journey, whether it be for growth, healing or getting to know yourself better. I am a person-centred therapist, which mean you can explore whatever feels most relevant to you in the session. I will follow your lead and go at your pace. Where appropriate, I will offer my reflections and insights, and always in a non-judgmental way, which will create a trusting environment for you to feel comfortable talking about the big stuff.

Bernadette Shaw. Minds That Matter
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester M1
Are you looking for support while working through fear, anxiety, & stress? Are these having negative effects on your relationship with yourself, your personal relationships & friendships? Is someone close experiencing them? Perhaps you have reached a crossroads, are grieving the loss of something or someone dear? Wherever you are on the path of life I offer a safe space providing support and exploration of needs and anxieties, working with you to make positive changes. My experience of working in the addictions field has also made me aware of issues that can develop and the impact this can have on an individual and their family.
Are you looking for support while working through fear, anxiety, & stress? Are these having negative effects on your relationship with yourself, your personal relationships & friendships? Is someone close experiencing them? Perhaps you have reached a crossroads, are grieving the loss of something or someone dear? Wherever you are on the path of life I offer a safe space providing support and exploration of needs and anxieties, working with you to make positive changes. My experience of working in the addictions field has also made me aware of issues that can develop and the impact this can have on an individual and their family.

Patrycja Czyszczon
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M26 (Online Only)
Do you feel hopeless, anxious, or depressed? Are you finding it difficult to cope with the pressures of life? Life is challenging at times, and talking through your problems can help you make sense of them, which will allow you to make positive choices and changes in your life, helping you to grow. I can help by providing you with a safe, confidential and non-judgmental space for you to explore your feelings. I am here to support you and listen to your story with empathy, and we will work together to help you find a way forward.
Do you feel hopeless, anxious, or depressed? Are you finding it difficult to cope with the pressures of life? Life is challenging at times, and talking through your problems can help you make sense of them, which will allow you to make positive choices and changes in your life, helping you to grow. I can help by providing you with a safe, confidential and non-judgmental space for you to explore your feelings. I am here to support you and listen to your story with empathy, and we will work together to help you find a way forward.

Yvonne Elizabeth Meidlinger
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester M21
I believe that the therapist and client come together as a team to work through issues that may stand in the way of you reaching your potential. Through my training, I have mainly used Transactional Analysis, but also have some experience working in a solution-focussed way and like to work integratively as each person is an individual who may like to work in a different way. I work with people on a range of issues, but find that I work with people with anxiety or depression most commonly, and pride myself on working hard to make people feel at ease.
I believe that the therapist and client come together as a team to work through issues that may stand in the way of you reaching your potential. Through my training, I have mainly used Transactional Analysis, but also have some experience working in a solution-focussed way and like to work integratively as each person is an individual who may like to work in a different way. I work with people on a range of issues, but find that I work with people with anxiety or depression most commonly, and pride myself on working hard to make people feel at ease.

Kit Leaver Counselling and Supervision
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M3
As a counsellor, I will offer you a confidential space to explore the issues you are facing, the questions of meaning and possibilities of resolution; to work through difficult emotions and look for peace with the past. I work with people on issues around depression, anxiety, relationships, self-esteem, bereavement, past trauma and abuse, identity and diversity. Your sessions will be a place where you can have the freedom and safety to be; to develop your own identity, accept yourself and make positive decisions about your future.
As a counsellor, I will offer you a confidential space to explore the issues you are facing, the questions of meaning and possibilities of resolution; to work through difficult emotions and look for peace with the past. I work with people on issues around depression, anxiety, relationships, self-esteem, bereavement, past trauma and abuse, identity and diversity. Your sessions will be a place where you can have the freedom and safety to be; to develop your own identity, accept yourself and make positive decisions about your future.
15 Second Videos
Doris Mpemba Fimpa
Katherine Morris
Mukabo Road Safety
Roger Jayamanne
Mark Hamlin
CBT Therapy Manchester (Individuals & Couples)
Sue Antrobus
Austen Miall
Champion's Mindset. Sport Psychology
Kwesi Amesu
Al Constant
Darren Good
James Alastair King
benbambercounselling
Peter Rigg
Martina Roberta Witter
Ben Dawson
Counsellor & Clinical Supervisor (Accred)
Neesha Patel
Juno Clinic
Paula Marie Reid
Shadowplay Counselling & Training
Sarah Lee
The MindTraining Clinic
Christian Scott Perrin
Katie Craven
Kirsty Taylor
Benjamin Nicholas Bamber
Sarah Bruce
Berny Sansome
Philipp C. Berkovits
Jamie Longson
Dan Owens-Cooper
Rashida Mustafa
Elleen Okotie
Shaun Joseph Francis Brookhouse
Kevin Coogan
Gisela Ramirez
Alex Jurgensen
Alison Louise Oxborrow
Rose Wild
Em Ryan
Dave Cooper Counselling
Dunya Sullivan- Eating Disorders
Michael Bizley
Steve Bundy
Claire Crilly
Chloé (Mybabybrain)
Omar A. Kowlessar
Barbara Elizabeth Hann

Jacquie Campbell Psychotherapy & Counselling
Psychotherapist, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M21
Not accepting new clients
X I am not currently accepting new clients X Are you struggling with anxiety due to loss, relationships, work or coming to terms with episodes from your past? Maybe you want to explore why you behave, think or feel as you do, which can lead to positive change or self-acceptance. Have you kept worries to yourself for a while, not sleeping and not sharing how you really feel because you’re frightened that people won’t understand or that you’ll be a burden?
X I am not currently accepting new clients X Are you struggling with anxiety due to loss, relationships, work or coming to terms with episodes from your past? Maybe you want to explore why you behave, think or feel as you do, which can lead to positive change or self-acceptance. Have you kept worries to yourself for a while, not sleeping and not sharing how you really feel because you’re frightened that people won’t understand or that you’ll be a burden?

Sarah Schofield
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M45
Hi, I'm Sarah - welcome to my profile. Are you struggling to cope, confused or feeling overwhelmed? I'm here to listen. I am a qualified, experienced counsellor - my training enables me to support and empower you to make change towards a healthier and happier way of being. I work flexibly and adapt my approach to suit your individual needs. Sessions are always taken at your pace and focus on what you believe to be most important. Issues I commonly work with are: anxiety, childhood trauma, low self-esteem, bereavement and loss, family/relationship issues, work stress (inc education sector), attachment issues, depression/low mood.
Hi, I'm Sarah - welcome to my profile. Are you struggling to cope, confused or feeling overwhelmed? I'm here to listen. I am a qualified, experienced counsellor - my training enables me to support and empower you to make change towards a healthier and happier way of being. I work flexibly and adapt my approach to suit your individual needs. Sessions are always taken at your pace and focus on what you believe to be most important. Issues I commonly work with are: anxiety, childhood trauma, low self-esteem, bereavement and loss, family/relationship issues, work stress (inc education sector), attachment issues, depression/low mood.

Tracey Whalley
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M9 (Online Only)
Sometimes life experiences can become overwhelming and feel too much to cope with. This can lead to us to feeling worthless, vulnerable and isolated. Sometimes we need somebody who will listen to us without judgement to help us work through things to lead to a better understanding of ourselves and our experiences and sometimes just hold our hand whilst we sit in that darkness.
Sometimes life experiences can become overwhelming and feel too much to cope with. This can lead to us to feeling worthless, vulnerable and isolated. Sometimes we need somebody who will listen to us without judgement to help us work through things to lead to a better understanding of ourselves and our experiences and sometimes just hold our hand whilst we sit in that darkness.

J Rafiq
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M13
Throughout life we all suffer from personal, emotional and psychological issues. Usually we overcome these but sometimes we can get stuck, tangled up and become negatively affected. If you are finding yourself experiencing anxiety or depression, or struggling with any other issues, then know that help is always available. Whatever it is, I am here to listen attentively, with empathy, without any judgement, and in complete confidence. There are multiple approaches to counselling, but rather than push a particular one (that may not be suitable for you) I prefer we work together to decide which is the best way forward for you.
Throughout life we all suffer from personal, emotional and psychological issues. Usually we overcome these but sometimes we can get stuck, tangled up and become negatively affected. If you are finding yourself experiencing anxiety or depression, or struggling with any other issues, then know that help is always available. Whatever it is, I am here to listen attentively, with empathy, without any judgement, and in complete confidence. There are multiple approaches to counselling, but rather than push a particular one (that may not be suitable for you) I prefer we work together to decide which is the best way forward for you.

Jed Bridge
Counsellor, MBACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Manchester M3
Hello; I am an experienced therapist committed to your growth and helping you navigate a range of challenges and life issues. I believe that with the right support, most of us can make changes to improve our situation, recover our 'mojo', and find answers or peace of mind. Are there areas in your life you’re finding difficult, or where you feel overwhelmed, stuck or lacking in fulfilment? These might include: relationship/trust issues; managing anxiety and stress; improving your self-esteem; navigating life changes or difficult experiences? Or, maybe you'd like some support in your journey of self-discovery and personal development?
Hello; I am an experienced therapist committed to your growth and helping you navigate a range of challenges and life issues. I believe that with the right support, most of us can make changes to improve our situation, recover our 'mojo', and find answers or peace of mind. Are there areas in your life you’re finding difficult, or where you feel overwhelmed, stuck or lacking in fulfilment? These might include: relationship/trust issues; managing anxiety and stress; improving your self-esteem; navigating life changes or difficult experiences? Or, maybe you'd like some support in your journey of self-discovery and personal development?

Paul James Bainbridge
Psychotherapist, MBABCP
Verified Verified
Manchester M2
**Webcam/ Telephone sessions available** Hey there. If you're experiencing low mood, stress, anger, anxiety or worry, then it could be helpful to consider seeking therapy. Usually even working out where to even start can be a difficult and confusing process, and CBT is a fantastic way to help you to unpick problematic thoughts, feeling, behaviours and cycles which could be maintaining the problems you're experiencing
**Webcam/ Telephone sessions available** Hey there. If you're experiencing low mood, stress, anger, anxiety or worry, then it could be helpful to consider seeking therapy. Usually even working out where to even start can be a difficult and confusing process, and CBT is a fantastic way to help you to unpick problematic thoughts, feeling, behaviours and cycles which could be maintaining the problems you're experiencing

Doris Mpemba Fimpa
Counsellor, DCounsPsych, MBACP Accred
Verified Verified
Manchester M2
I am a qualified therapist / Counsellor and supervisor based in Manchester City Centre, I am an Accredited Member of the National Counselling Society (MNCS), Member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). I offer a different Person-Centred Approach, EMDR, Mindfulness & CBT. We are all people, and everyone deserves a right to such a little thing as feeling good about family, life and ourselves. We all have our issues and should not be afraid to share them with someone like me who can and will help you. So don't be scared to share because we are all people, we are all equal, and we all deserve happiness.
I am a qualified therapist / Counsellor and supervisor based in Manchester City Centre, I am an Accredited Member of the National Counselling Society (MNCS), Member of the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP). I offer a different Person-Centred Approach, EMDR, Mindfulness & CBT. We are all people, and everyone deserves a right to such a little thing as feeling good about family, life and ourselves. We all have our issues and should not be afraid to share them with someone like me who can and will help you. So don't be scared to share because we are all people, we are all equal, and we all deserve happiness.

Bridget O'Toole
Counsellor, MSc, MBACP
Verified Verified
Manchester M21
Embark on a transformative journey with me. I offer both short and long-term support, drawing from research on childhood trauma and depression's impact on chronic illness. With specialised experience in neurological conditions, LGBTQ+ issues, and trauma, I offer genuine support, drawing from personal and professional insights. My approach fosters a genuine connection, creating a safe haven for exploration within a trauma-informed framework. I believe in the profound power of self-expression and acceptance, especially for those who find it challenging elsewhere.
Embark on a transformative journey with me. I offer both short and long-term support, drawing from research on childhood trauma and depression's impact on chronic illness. With specialised experience in neurological conditions, LGBTQ+ issues, and trauma, I offer genuine support, drawing from personal and professional insights. My approach fosters a genuine connection, creating a safe haven for exploration within a trauma-informed framework. I believe in the profound power of self-expression and acceptance, especially for those who find it challenging elsewhere.

Charley Shults
Psychotherapist, MA, MUKCP
Verified Verified
Manchester M21 (Online Only)
Hi, I work with attachment issues. That covers most of the issues that people have in therapy. I am a human being, just like you. I don't discriminate. Please see my website at attachmentcentredtherapy.co.uk. If you want more information, just send me an email. Charley
Hi, I work with attachment issues. That covers most of the issues that people have in therapy. I am a human being, just like you. I don't discriminate. Please see my website at attachmentcentredtherapy.co.uk. If you want more information, just send me an email. Charley
See more therapy options for Manchester
Nearby Searches for Manchester
See More CounsellorsHow does your Counsellor compare?
Number of Counsellors in Manchester
800+
Average cost per session
£60
Counsellors in Manchester who prioritize treating:
91% | Anxiety |
86% | Depression |
84% | Self Esteem |
81% | Stress |
78% | Relationship Issues |
67% | Trauma and PTSD |
64% | Bereavement |
Average years in practice
9 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
63% | Aviva |
58% | AXA PPP |
46% | Vitality |
How Counsellors in Manchester see their clients
64% | In Person and Online | |
36% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
71% | Female | |
27% | Male | |
2% | Non-Binary |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling
How can I find a therapist in Manchester?
Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) and the UK Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP). Most Psychologists in the directory are accredited members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and/or are registered in the Health and Care Professions Council (HPCP).
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for psychotherapists and counsellors in the UK, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?
Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in the UK. Psychologists have earned a degree in psychology and many are members of the British Psychological Society (BPS) and have completed a postgraduate qualification in a specialism. Counsellors and Psychotherapists are not required to have a psychology degree, but to belong to a professional organisation such as the BACP or UKCP, they are required to have completed a training course as well as clinical and supervision hours.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the UK could be between £30 - £60 when seeing a counsellor and £60 - £150 and up when seeing a clinical psychologist. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.
If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The NHS Talking therapies programme offers free of charge counselling for common mental health problems like anxiety and depression. The service is available to anyone registered with a GP, though you do not necessarily need to be referred by your GP and can refer yourself directly to a Talking therapies service. The service will provide different solutions, including group and individual therapy, for a limited number of sessions which are generally up to six.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the BACP, the UKCP, or BPS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there has been participation in a criminal act or act of terror, or if there is potential or known harm to the client or others, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.