Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Janine Kosek, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Janine Kosek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85711  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My practice is currently full. As a social worker, my focus is on the "big picture" — including environment, past experiences, and future expectations. I assist clients in coping with life transitions, managing anxiety, depression, attention deficit, sleeplessness, chronic health conditions, caregiver role strain, or accommodating a traumatic loss. We can help you find more fulfilling work and relationships. I am licensed and provide tele-visits to anyone in Arizona and Oregon.
My practice is currently full. As a social worker, my focus is on the "big picture" — including environment, past experiences, and future expectations. I assist clients in coping with life transitions, managing anxiety, depression, attention deficit, sleeplessness, chronic health conditions, caregiver role strain, or accommodating a traumatic loss. We can help you find more fulfilling work and relationships. I am licensed and provide tele-visits to anyone in Arizona and Oregon.
(541) 250-3138 View (541) 250-3138
Photo of Barrette Counseling Services, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Barrette Counseling Services, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
Sometimes our lives become so complicated and stressful that we all need an outside, non-judgmental person to help guide us back to our inner source and wisdom. My therapeutic strengths lie in my ability to create a safe and non-judgmental relationship with my clients to help them quickly identify their strengths and utilize them to problem solve and feel better. I approach all my clients with kindness and compassion, understanding that many are entering counseling for the first time or are searching for relief from stress, depression, anxiety, loss, trauma, chronic pain or illness, or many of life's difficult transitions.
Sometimes our lives become so complicated and stressful that we all need an outside, non-judgmental person to help guide us back to our inner source and wisdom. My therapeutic strengths lie in my ability to create a safe and non-judgmental relationship with my clients to help them quickly identify their strengths and utilize them to problem solve and feel better. I approach all my clients with kindness and compassion, understanding that many are entering counseling for the first time or are searching for relief from stress, depression, anxiety, loss, trauma, chronic pain or illness, or many of life's difficult transitions.
(520) 441-8823 View (520) 441-8823
Photo of Mary Deborah Giles, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Mary Deborah Giles
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
My interest in counseling grew out of my experience as a high school teacher who spent increasing hours listening to students and steering them into counseling. After a 20-year teaching career I moved into professional counseling. I combine cognitive-behavioral therapy with psycho education, chain analysis and elements of mindfulness, meditation, and motivational interviewing to help her clients become the freest and fullest version of their uniquely gifted selves.
My interest in counseling grew out of my experience as a high school teacher who spent increasing hours listening to students and steering them into counseling. After a 20-year teaching career I moved into professional counseling. I combine cognitive-behavioral therapy with psycho education, chain analysis and elements of mindfulness, meditation, and motivational interviewing to help her clients become the freest and fullest version of their uniquely gifted selves.
(520) 314-5903 x1 View (520) 314-5903 x1
Photo of Anndrea Terry, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Anndrea Terry
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ERYT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
Compassion, warmth and curiosity guide my therapeutic style. My work and intention as a therapist is to cultivate deeper self-awareness, inner-attentiveness and meaningful connection. My work stems from the intersection of person centered therapy, wellness-based modalities and cognitive behavioral therapy. Meaning that I work with individuals, to curate a meaningful and individualized experience to meet their unique needs.
Compassion, warmth and curiosity guide my therapeutic style. My work and intention as a therapist is to cultivate deeper self-awareness, inner-attentiveness and meaningful connection. My work stems from the intersection of person centered therapy, wellness-based modalities and cognitive behavioral therapy. Meaning that I work with individuals, to curate a meaningful and individualized experience to meet their unique needs.
(520) 462-1759 View (520) 462-1759
Photo of Catherine Penn Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Catherine Penn Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716  (Online Only)
Carl Jung said, "The privilege of a lifetime is to become who you truly are." Many of my clients come to therapy reporting problems with depression, anxiety, troublesome relationships, or grieving a recent loss. Our work often includes a review of life history -- including the influences of family of origin, identity, culture, religion and place -- as well as your current life circumstances. You and I will work together to create a safe setting and use those presenting symptoms as stepping stones for you to achieve a more authentically lived and fulfilling life.
Carl Jung said, "The privilege of a lifetime is to become who you truly are." Many of my clients come to therapy reporting problems with depression, anxiety, troublesome relationships, or grieving a recent loss. Our work often includes a review of life history -- including the influences of family of origin, identity, culture, religion and place -- as well as your current life circumstances. You and I will work together to create a safe setting and use those presenting symptoms as stepping stones for you to achieve a more authentically lived and fulfilling life.
(520) 441-8151 View (520) 441-8151
Photo of Dale Albert DeNunzio in Tucson, AZ
Dale Albert DeNunzio
PhD, MA, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85711
With over 35 years of experience working with individuals and couples, I draw upon a number of therapeutic modalities to help you in your personal growth. Puzzled by some of the things that you do that don't make logical sense? We will explore why they make emotional sense. Though many times you may not feel connected to your resiliency or trust that it is even present, our work is meant to promote accessing more of your own inner resources. A person needs to address issues not just mentally, but also emotionally. Emotional wounds need to be healed emotionally.
With over 35 years of experience working with individuals and couples, I draw upon a number of therapeutic modalities to help you in your personal growth. Puzzled by some of the things that you do that don't make logical sense? We will explore why they make emotional sense. Though many times you may not feel connected to your resiliency or trust that it is even present, our work is meant to promote accessing more of your own inner resources. A person needs to address issues not just mentally, but also emotionally. Emotional wounds need to be healed emotionally.
(520) 317-7138 x520403 View (520) 317-7138 x520403
Photo of Tammie L Milliken, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Tammie L Milliken
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85718
Not accepting new clients
What generally brings one into therapy may be multifaceted, but generally includes a feeling of disturbance in some part of life and a hope to receive help in getting through. My approach seeks to reduce disturbance and promote healing by endeavoring to understand the meaning and needs underneath the symptoms and how, through a collaborative effort, symptoms and difficulties can be used to lead one to experience more integration, wholeness, and contentment. This approach can help one deal with issues of the here and now, while also encouraging one to live a life that more fully expresses who they are.
What generally brings one into therapy may be multifaceted, but generally includes a feeling of disturbance in some part of life and a hope to receive help in getting through. My approach seeks to reduce disturbance and promote healing by endeavoring to understand the meaning and needs underneath the symptoms and how, through a collaborative effort, symptoms and difficulties can be used to lead one to experience more integration, wholeness, and contentment. This approach can help one deal with issues of the here and now, while also encouraging one to live a life that more fully expresses who they are.
(520) 600-0878 View (520) 600-0878
Photo of Painted Desert Psychotherapy, Gwenn Herman, LCSW, , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Painted Desert Psychotherapy, Gwenn Herman, LCSW,
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, DCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
When I meet someone for the first time, I create a safe place free of judgement and open for them to tell their story. As they speak, I hear their words and voice tone. I look at their face, eyes, hands, feet, whole body, energy and see what they are also telling me. Then I develop a sense of who they are.
When I meet someone for the first time, I create a safe place free of judgement and open for them to tell their story. As they speak, I hear their words and voice tone. I look at their face, eyes, hands, feet, whole body, energy and see what they are also telling me. Then I develop a sense of who they are.
(520) 231-7999 View (520) 231-7999
Photo of Marjorie Stricklin @ Entune Behavioral Health, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Marjorie Stricklin @ Entune Behavioral Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
My ideal client seeks understanding and support in navigating complex emotions and experiences. They may grapple with anxiety, depression, trauma, or substance use, longing for relief and growth. They crave a safe space to express themselves authentically, free from judgment. Their goal is to cultivate resilience, reclaim joy, and forge a path towards inner peace and fulfillment. With personalized therapy rooted in compassion and evidence-based modalities, they strive to uncover their inherent strengths and rediscover hope on their journey towards healing.
My ideal client seeks understanding and support in navigating complex emotions and experiences. They may grapple with anxiety, depression, trauma, or substance use, longing for relief and growth. They crave a safe space to express themselves authentically, free from judgment. Their goal is to cultivate resilience, reclaim joy, and forge a path towards inner peace and fulfillment. With personalized therapy rooted in compassion and evidence-based modalities, they strive to uncover their inherent strengths and rediscover hope on their journey towards healing.
(520) 376-1701 View (520) 376-1701
Photo of Sara Graper, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Sara Graper
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
Waitlist for new clients
One of my core beliefs is that all of us deserve space to connect and play in a way that allows us to show up as our whole selves. Connecting with that joy can feel daunting when communication no longer feels reliable or we're struggling to identify what brings us that sense of excitement. Through collaboration and transparency, I aim to create an affirming space that fosters growth and embraces all your identities.
One of my core beliefs is that all of us deserve space to connect and play in a way that allows us to show up as our whole selves. Connecting with that joy can feel daunting when communication no longer feels reliable or we're struggling to identify what brings us that sense of excitement. Through collaboration and transparency, I aim to create an affirming space that fosters growth and embraces all your identities.
(520) 348-2540 View (520) 348-2540
Photo of Tucson Lasting Connections, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Tucson Lasting Connections
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Are you and your partner arguing more than usual? Do you feel like every interaction with your teen has become a power struggle? Have you experienced unrewarding or even unhealthy relationships? Daily life can be complicated and challenging, so you look to your relationships to provide understanding, support and security. However, when your relationships are strained, you may not have anything that gives you solace or that soft place to land at the end of the day. You are doing the best that you know how, but sometimes that is just not enough.
Are you and your partner arguing more than usual? Do you feel like every interaction with your teen has become a power struggle? Have you experienced unrewarding or even unhealthy relationships? Daily life can be complicated and challenging, so you look to your relationships to provide understanding, support and security. However, when your relationships are strained, you may not have anything that gives you solace or that soft place to land at the end of the day. You are doing the best that you know how, but sometimes that is just not enough.
(520) 827-6588 View (520) 827-6588
Photo of Debra Urken, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Debra Urken
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Is your child or teen feeling stressed, anxious, and/or depressed? Does he/she need ways to cope with difficult thoughts, strong emotions, a life transition, and/or stressful social situations? Does he/she want to learn not only how to cope, but how to thrive? Or are you a young adult (18-25 years old) struggling with depression or anxiety? Do you need support as you work toward building a rich, meaningful life? Would you like help processing traumatic experiences? Expressive arts therapy and body-oriented therapy are especially useful when "words are not enough".
Is your child or teen feeling stressed, anxious, and/or depressed? Does he/she need ways to cope with difficult thoughts, strong emotions, a life transition, and/or stressful social situations? Does he/she want to learn not only how to cope, but how to thrive? Or are you a young adult (18-25 years old) struggling with depression or anxiety? Do you need support as you work toward building a rich, meaningful life? Would you like help processing traumatic experiences? Expressive arts therapy and body-oriented therapy are especially useful when "words are not enough".
(520) 447-1335 View (520) 447-1335
Photo of Shari Gootter, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Shari Gootter
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CRC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85718
Navigating through changes and transitions can be challenging and alienating. I offer a new perspective and a helpful therapeutic partnership. I feel it is a true privilege to be part of one's healing journey. My practice is inspired by Person Centered Therapy and a diverse study of methods ranging from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectic Behavior Therapy, and Acceptance, Commitment, and strengths-based therapy. I believe that no two clients are the same, and that a practice must be an individualized collaboration based on mutual authenticity and honesty. These are among the compassionate qualities which allow for a genuine therapeutic alliance.
Navigating through changes and transitions can be challenging and alienating. I offer a new perspective and a helpful therapeutic partnership. I feel it is a true privilege to be part of one's healing journey. My practice is inspired by Person Centered Therapy and a diverse study of methods ranging from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectic Behavior Therapy, and Acceptance, Commitment, and strengths-based therapy. I believe that no two clients are the same, and that a practice must be an individualized collaboration based on mutual authenticity and honesty. These are among the compassionate qualities which allow for a genuine therapeutic alliance.
(520) 447-4546 View (520) 447-4546
Photo of Rachel DeLozier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Rachel DeLozier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
My clients want to manage symptoms related to trauma, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, relationship difficulties, grief and loss. They are looking for a nonjudgmental, supportive environment in which to begin their own healing as they learn more about themselves and their relationships. My clients are adults and adolescents, culturally and racially diverse, and members of the LGBTQIA+ community. I have experience working with Tucson’s refugee and immigrant communities, children & teens, US military veterans, unhoused individuals, and those in chronic pain.
My clients want to manage symptoms related to trauma, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, relationship difficulties, grief and loss. They are looking for a nonjudgmental, supportive environment in which to begin their own healing as they learn more about themselves and their relationships. My clients are adults and adolescents, culturally and racially diverse, and members of the LGBTQIA+ community. I have experience working with Tucson’s refugee and immigrant communities, children & teens, US military veterans, unhoused individuals, and those in chronic pain.
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Photo of Counseling Consulting, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Counseling Consulting, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC EAP, LMHC, LISAC, SAP CAP, IC&RC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85711
Life can be extremely difficult to navigate at times, especially when going through major life transitions. I work with adults and adolescents experiencing family conflict, depression, anxiety, stress-related issues, Grief and Loss, communication challenges, self-esteem issues. I am equipped with techniques that promote both verbal and non-verbal expressions in a therapeutic manner rather than stigmatizing. As a Substance Abuse Profesionnal (SAP) evaluate employees who have violated DOT drug and alcohol regulation and make recommendations education, treatment , continuing care, referrals for treatment, and follow-up testing.
Life can be extremely difficult to navigate at times, especially when going through major life transitions. I work with adults and adolescents experiencing family conflict, depression, anxiety, stress-related issues, Grief and Loss, communication challenges, self-esteem issues. I am equipped with techniques that promote both verbal and non-verbal expressions in a therapeutic manner rather than stigmatizing. As a Substance Abuse Profesionnal (SAP) evaluate employees who have violated DOT drug and alcohol regulation and make recommendations education, treatment , continuing care, referrals for treatment, and follow-up testing.
(808) 650-7566 View (808) 650-7566
Photo of Dr. Jodi Tudisco, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Dr. Jodi Tudisco
Licensed Professional Counselor, DSW, LPC, MS, EMDR, TRE
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85719  (Online Only)
"What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us." Ralph Waldo Emerson. Using a holistic approach in therapy we will explore the mind, body and spirit connection. We will learn balance and build resilience through the power of self-discovery, thus improving your quality of life. Negative thought patterns and beliefs will be identified and challenged through DBT, mindfulness, and EMDR. When needed we may create healthy eating habits and a healthy relationship with exercise. Cultivating your spirituality to relieve fear and nurture an attitude of gratitude and abundance is encouraged.
"What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us." Ralph Waldo Emerson. Using a holistic approach in therapy we will explore the mind, body and spirit connection. We will learn balance and build resilience through the power of self-discovery, thus improving your quality of life. Negative thought patterns and beliefs will be identified and challenged through DBT, mindfulness, and EMDR. When needed we may create healthy eating habits and a healthy relationship with exercise. Cultivating your spirituality to relieve fear and nurture an attitude of gratitude and abundance is encouraged.
(520) 441-8865 View (520) 441-8865
Photo of Julia M Ambriz, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Julia M Ambriz
Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
In a world where we are constantly experiencing trauma, both directly and indirectly, it can be difficult to identify how deeply different things in life affect us. I believe that the experience of feeling understood can be the catalyst for change and something that allows for healing to begin. I aim to provide a space of healing, openness and exploration for those things that you might otherwise suppress or carry with heaviness or judgment. Together, we can heal that unresolved stuff from the past and create skills to support you through future circumstances.
In a world where we are constantly experiencing trauma, both directly and indirectly, it can be difficult to identify how deeply different things in life affect us. I believe that the experience of feeling understood can be the catalyst for change and something that allows for healing to begin. I aim to provide a space of healing, openness and exploration for those things that you might otherwise suppress or carry with heaviness or judgment. Together, we can heal that unresolved stuff from the past and create skills to support you through future circumstances.
(520) 210-5247 View (520) 210-5247
Photo of Tristan Michael Collins Hood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Tristan Michael Collins Hood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85701
I work with individuals, families, and/or systems who find themselves 'stuck'. I work from an inclusive and eclectic framework which allows me to work from the outside or join, as needed, to move past the 'stuck' points. I recently took steps towards physical gender affirming transition. Those who have known me these 13+ years in the field will find this a step in learning and growing with me; those who have heard my name as a recommendation will also find this a step in learning and growing. To learn is to grow; to grow is to be alive!
I work with individuals, families, and/or systems who find themselves 'stuck'. I work from an inclusive and eclectic framework which allows me to work from the outside or join, as needed, to move past the 'stuck' points. I recently took steps towards physical gender affirming transition. Those who have known me these 13+ years in the field will find this a step in learning and growing with me; those who have heard my name as a recommendation will also find this a step in learning and growing. To learn is to grow; to grow is to be alive!
(520) 843-0604 View (520) 843-0604
Photo of Jill Sena, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Jill Sena
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, SEP, DARe
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85718  (Online Only)
I work with adults, teens, and children. I specialize in attachment repair and healing trauma (emotional, physical, sexual, car accidents, and medical trauma) from the nervous system.
I work with adults, teens, and children. I specialize in attachment repair and healing trauma (emotional, physical, sexual, car accidents, and medical trauma) from the nervous system.
(833) 459-1053 View (833) 459-1053
Photo of Shannon Carmona, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Shannon Carmona
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85749  (Online Only)
I believe one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story. I want to help you achieve whatever solutions and life changes you are looking for and enjoy the process along the way. It does not have to be all bad. There are reasons why you think a certain way, do not have control over emotions or repeat mistakes. Let us get to the bottom of those reasons.
I believe one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your own story. I want to help you achieve whatever solutions and life changes you are looking for and enjoy the process along the way. It does not have to be all bad. There are reasons why you think a certain way, do not have control over emotions or repeat mistakes. Let us get to the bottom of those reasons.
(520) 636-8748 View (520) 636-8748

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

900+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Self Esteem
79% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
70% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

76% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
67% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.